Ischaemic heart disease | IHD Drugs Used In IUD & Prevention
The most common cause of ischemic heart disease is a reduction in coronary
arterial blood supply due to atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. Factors that
contribute to the development of ischaemic heart disease are similar to those
responsible for atherosclerosis in general, and include: Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, high cholesterol, high levels of low density lipoprotein, and genetic factors and
non-atherosclerotic causes are vasospasm, coronary artery stenosis, inflammation of
coronary arteries, thrombotic disease, trauma, aneurysms and compression.
Depending on the rate and severity of coronary artery narrowing and the myocardial response, one of four syndromes may develop.
- Angina pectoris (Chest pain),
- Acute myocardial infarction,
- Chronic ischemic heart disease with congestive heart failure,
- Sudden cardiac death.
Prevention of Ischaemic heart disease (IHD)
Depending on the rate and severity of coronary artery narrowing and the myocardial response, one of four syndromes may develop.
- Angina pectoris (Chest pain),
- Acute myocardial infarction,
- Chronic ischemic heart disease with congestive heart failure,
- Sudden cardiac death.
Treatment of Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) | Types of Drugs Used For Ischaemic heart disease
Organic Nitrates: These stimulates the intracellular cyclic-GMP, which results in vascular smooth muscle relaxation of both arterial and venous vasculature. e.g. Isosorbide dinitrate.
β-Blockers: β-Blockers act by reducing cardiac work and O2 consumption. e.g. Propranolol, Atenolol.
Calcium Channel Blockers: Calcium antagonist inhibits the passage of calcium ions through voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels in cell membranes in the heart and vascular smooth muscle as well as some other excitable tissues. e.g. Amlodipine Nifedipine. Statins: IHD is also due to the increased cholesterol levels. Statins are used to reduce the cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemia. Statins are the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. e.g. Atorvastatin, Rusvastatin.
Aspirin: Aspirin improves the rate of survival in patients with acute myocardial infarction and reduces the risk of myocardial infarction in patients with unstable angina, and after recovery from myocardial infarction.
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